Cause of soybean flower and pod abscission and Cou

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Cause of soybean flower and pod abscission and the Prevention Measures

Paper Keywords soybean; flower and pod abscission; causes; countermeasures Abstract soybean flower and pod abscission is extremely common, affecting one of the main output. Analysis of the soybean flower and pod abscission, and proposes measures to prevent. Soybean flower and pod abscission understand the causes and mechanism of the preventive measures taken by science, can increase yield. 1 soybean flower and pod abscission 1.1 because the density is too large, poor ventilation and light soybean planting too close, easy to leggy, premature closure line, the field canopy, lines between the light lack of cover flower pod cover, resulting in a serious drop pod flowers. Under the growth conditions in the population, leaves shade each other, it will result in lower photosynthetic capacity decreased, the formation of photosynthetic products of small, thin and delicate plant growth, flower and pod can not meet the demand for nutrients, could easily lead to flower and pod abscission. 1.2 nutrient supply or administration of unreasonable soybean flowering stage of soybean pod nutrients most needed during a lifetime, if the supply of nutrients, it will cause flower and pod abscission. Particularly low early growth of soybeans will be inherent in the process of flower bud differentiation, some of the flowers growing weak and easily fall off. Conversely, if the blind excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, often resulting in over soy nutrition, leggy plants, lodging, causing flower and pod abscission. 1.3 improper soil moisture soil humidity, poor ventilation, affect root activity,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], decreased absorption, flower and pod abscission will increase. If the weather is dry during flowering pod, inadequate supply of soil moisture, plant growth blocked, can significantly increase flower and pod abscission rate. 1.4 harm suffered pest aphids, bean fly rod, soybean pod borer, pod borer, gray leaf spot, cyst nematodes and other pest damage, can also cause flower and pod abscission. 2 Countermeasure 2.1 rational close planting, the magnitude of rational close planting of soybean in the 15.0 ~ 375 000 / hm2 between. General principle is that some early varieties sowing density, sowing dilute some late variety; branches more and more rare varieties of broadcast, multicast dense branching little more variety; fertilizer to dilute some of sowing, sowing density thin to some. 2.2 wide and narrow row soybean planting wide and narrow row planting, field management is not only convenient, but also improve air and light conditions of the field, reducing waterlogging, pests and diseases later, is conducive to nurturing seedlings and reduce flower and pod abscission. Generally wide rows 40cm, narrow row 20cm. When taking wide and narrow row planting, pay attention to the same selection and planting of wheat planter row spacing, and planting columbine legs walking in the wheat ridge.