by 1960the figure was 2.0

john9221 · Wysłany: Czw 7:36, 10 Mar 2011

pe recorders fivefold. Japanese products flooded the
world and began to gain their current reputation for quality
and reliability.
One of the social features of the postwar period in Japan
as in Western countrieswas a baby boom. The total fertility
rate (the number of children per woman of childbearing age)
was 4.5 in 1947 and continued to be relatively high through
The miracle economy
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the 1950sonly dropping markedly at the end of the decade
(by 1960the figure was 2.0). The population consequently
rose rapidly. In 1945 there were 72 million Japanesebut by
1967 the population had passed the 100 million mark. In part
this was a reaction to wartime losses and partly to the
traditional practice of farming families being relatively large.
The primary factor in changing the fertility ratehoweverwas
what geographers call ‘intergenerational wealth flows’in other
words whether children are an economic cost or benefit. In
early agricultural communities children are a valuable source
of cheap labour and insurance for ageing parentsbut in a
developed economy they tend to be expensiveand unnecessary
for long-term financial security. The economic benefi yilai:
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