john9221
ORANGE EKSTRAKLASA
Dołączył: 25 Sty 2011
Posty: 1674
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Skąd: England
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 Wysłany: Śro 3:48, 09 Mar 2011 |
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al one; privateering did not disappear for more than
two centuries. While the interchangeability of merchant and naval
ships was gradually decreasingtechnological changes in war-
248Sea Warfare
ships brought slowly increasing specialization in designarma-
mentand other equipment that gradually made it more difficult
to convert back and forth bet [link widoczny dla zalogowanych][link widoczny dla zalogowanych]n the roles of merchant and
warship.
In the course of this transitionthere was an intermediate stage
during which overseas commercial trading companiessuch as
the various East India Companiesoperated by the DutchEng-
lishFrenchand otherstook up the responsibility for arming
ships and protecting their own trade. This was part of several
larger developments that were occurring at this time. Evolving
sovereign states were taking on the responsibilities of private
groups within the state. During this periodthe state began to
pay more attention to the interests of its citizens working or
trading in distant foreign placesprotecting them from foreign
depredations. This development in sea warfare resulted in in-
creased restrictions on private warfarethe extension of admir-
alty jurisdictionand the stabilization and more rigorous
enforcement of tyilai:
[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
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