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Imbalance in the distribution of national income and Countermeasures

[Abstract] Over the last decade, our population the proportion of national income continued to decline, while the proportion of corporate income, and gradually increased the proportion of government revenue. Distribution of national income imbalances between investment and consumption and the imbalance of international payments imbalances and hinder the economic growth mode. In this paper, adjust the distribution of national income, and promote sustained and healthy development of countermeasures. [Key words] corporate income income income distribution of government revenue Abstract: In recent years the proportion of the residents income in national income decreased gradually, and the proportion of the corporate income and government income increased gradually. The imbalance of the distribution of national income led to imbalance between investment and imbalance of the international balance of payments national economic hindered the transformation of the mode of economic growth. Therefore, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of adjustment of national income distribution structure for promoting the sustained and healthy development of national economic. Key words: national income distribution; residents income; corporate income; government income one of the national income distribution evolution of the pattern of distribution of national income national income mainly refers to residents, businesses and government distribution of the ratio between the three and their relationship. Summary from 1993 through 2006, various provinces income approach GDP values, we can calculate the proportion of national income approach GDP structure. 1993 to 2006, the initial distribution of national income, GDP, the proportion of workers compensation decreased from 50.62% to 40.61%, a decrease of 10.01 percent. Capital over the same period the proportion of income distribution in the national economy is the continued substantial increases. In 1993, the operating surplus and depreciation of capital income and net taxes on production as the representative of capital income, accounting for 49.37% ratio of GDP, rose to 59.39 percent in 2006, the proportion of capital has increased by about 10.02 percentage points. Developed world GDP, labor income is much higher than China's. In China, the proportion of GDP, wages case, 1980, 1990, were 16.99%, 15.81%, after 1990, total wage-GDP ratio continued to decline into the 21st century this proportion remained at less than 11% level, much lower than some of the more mature market economy countries, the level of 60%. From the profits and the ratio between wages, profits too large proportion of the wage share is too small. Institute of Industrial Economics under the Chinese Academy of Social Organization's 2007 In 1998, the state-owned and profits of industrial enterprises above designated size the proportion of industrial added value accounted for 4.3%, to 2006, increased to 21.36%. The current owner of the initial distribution of capital gains there is high labor income continued to decline. Tilt to the owners of capital distribution of national income, working-class in China is difficult to share the fruits of economic growth, As restructuring and reorganization of state-owned enterprises,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the rapid development of non-public economy, companies trying to undercut wages, non-state employees income is lower than the long-term economic growth. Extensive use of state-owned enterprises and the preparation of foreign employees pay for equal work, not to employees to purchase pension Insurance , to pay the housing provident fund, to reduce personnel costs. Very low wages during the planned economy, but the state as a capital commitment to employee welfare and security for all. Now,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], a substantial decline in public capital, private capital increased sharply, the welfare of workers have dropped significantly relative to the planned economy period, wages have not significantly improved, which is obviously unfair. Joined the flow of funds table reflects income from property, formed after the redistribution of national income distribution. 1978 residents, businesses and government distribution ratio of the three 55.0:11.1:33.9,1978 to 1988, the disposable income of the government and enterprises accounted for the total national disposable income has continued to decline in disposable income to total national disposable income rising share of national income allocated to the residents of the main slope. 1990 to 1994, the Government of disposable income account for the proportion of national disposable income decline significantly reduced, while the disposable income of companies accounted for the proportion of national disposable income increased steadily, income distribution, macro trends of slow tilt to the residents. 1995 since the pattern of income distribution has shifted. 1995 to 2000, the Government may increase slightly the proportion of disposable income, business and the proportion of disposable income fell slightly. 2000 to 2004, total disposable income the proportion of national disposable income decreased, the disposable income of companies accounted for the proportion of national disposable income increased further, the Government of disposable income account for the proportion of national disposable income rise substantially, from 16.5% in 1995 to 20.38% in 2004, while the share of national disposable income disposable income rose from 66.81% in 1995 fell to 57.83% in 2004. Disposable income of companies accounted for the proportion of national disposable income in 1995 from 16.7% to 21.79% in 2004. In short, government departments of disposable income account for the proportion of national disposable income rising; the disposable income of the enterprise sector accounted for the proportion of national disposable income increased in fluctuation, our national income distribution appeared tilted to the phenomena of the government and enterprises. Flow of funds data release time lag, we can in recent years, GDP, Financial income,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], large-scale industrial enterprises realized a total profit of urban residents per capita disposable income,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Rural per capita net income growth rate, indicating that the proportion of residents in a further decline in national income. 2002-2006, average annual per capita income of rural residents increased by 6% of urban residents per capita disposable income of the average annual household growth of 9.3% over the same period the average annual revenue growth of 19.6%, far higher than GDP growth. Government revenue in 2007 grew by 32.4%, profits of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 36.7%, while the disposable income of urban residents increased only 12.2% of rural residents per capita net income growth of only 9.5%. Shows, government revenue growth is much higher than corporate profit growth, corporate profit growth is much higher than income growth. Therefore, the national income in the initial distribution of businesses and residents are more inclined to business, government and residents are more inclined to the redistribution of government, which concluded that national income distribution in recent years, tilted to the phenomena of the government and enterprises has not changed. National disposable income account for the declining share of disposable income, indicating that the redistribution of national income, government transfer payments is not enough. Since 1998, the government promoted the pension, health and education reform, abolition of welfare housing, the implementation of the industrialization of education, health care market, but also by the enterprise employees pension burden of enterprises and to social co-ordination. Government initiative from the pension, health care and education, substantial financial investment required to exit the field at the same time,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], there is no established corresponding social security system, social security coverage is limited. From 1998 to 2006, China's fiscal expenditure in social security funds from 598 billion yuan to 3600 billion yuan, an average annual increase of 29.4%; total financial expenditure has also increased from 5.5% to 11.5%. Although the social security expenditure increased rapidly, from the perspective of international comparisons of social security expenditure, China's share of expenditures for social security is not only far lower than developed countries (generally between 30% to 50%) or even lower than India, the level of developing countries such as Thailand. Be noted that the flow of funds table includes only the revenue budget and extra-budgetary revenues, does not include the system in reality there are a lot of income, such as the system of foreign funds, outside the system charges assessed outside the system (fund-raising ) and outside the system such Forfeiture. In analyzing the level of government revenue, considering the state-owned enterprise profits and the total value of state assets and all levels of government land revenue, the government revenue will be more. In short, the last decade in our national income distribution system, increasing the proportion of government revenue, while the proportion of income is declining. Distribution of national income in China is the main features can be summarized as Second, the imbalance in the distribution of national income, economic growth impact of economic growth driven mainly by investment demand, is a typical investment-oriented economic growth, consumer demand can not play the proper role of promoting economic growth, leading to imbalance between investment and consumption, that the national economy's internal balance. 1990 to 2007, the investment share of GDP rose from 25% off, up to 48%, China's high investment has been going on for 17 years, has yet to see a downward trend. In the case of insufficient domestic demand, China's economy depends on foreign trade strengthened. Excess production capacity needs to find a way out in the international market, resulting in excessive trade surplus, leading to imbalance of international payments, the external imbalance.